俞孔坚
YU Kongjian

• 1:北京大学建筑与景观设计学院

摘要(Abstract)：

本文是笔者持续30年关于国土空间和城市生态安全课题探索之延续。从基于自然的哲学、基于生态的国土空间格局、道法自然的生态工程技术和生态基础设施构建3个维度，定义了国土和城市气候韧性的中国模式。它根植于中国千百年积淀的季风文化和传统生态智慧，经过科学化和模块化设计和在全国200多个城市的实践检验，通过对水过程的调控设计构建整体化的生态基础设施，保护与修复生境、调节洪涝、减缓干旱与热岛，柔性应对海潮、自然净化水土和提供避难空间等诸多方面，增强国土空间与城市的气候韧性。它展示了全球气候应对策略从以碳为中心的单一减排策略走向立足土地、水驱动的全面气候韧性策略的可行性。在全球气候日趋“季风化”以及灾害频发的今天，这一中国模式具有世界意义。
This study is the continuation of the author’s 30-year exploration of territorial planning and urban ecological security.It proposes a Chinese model for climate resilience in territorial and urban spaces defined by three dimensions:nature-based philosophy,ecology-based spatial patterns,and ecological engineering technologies and infrastructure that are aligned with the principle of “following nature’s course”.Rooted in China’s millennia-old monsoon culture and traditional ecological wisdom,this model has been scientifically and modularly designed and then tested in over 200 cities across the country.By regulating water process and constructing integrated ecological infrastructure,it has achieved multiple objectives,including protecting and restoring ecological environment,controlling floods,droughts,and urban heat islands,flexibly addressing tidal surges,naturally purifying water and soil,and providing shelters.These efforts have significantly enhanced climate resilience in territorial and urban spaces.This model demonstrates the feasibility of transitioning global climate strategies from a carbon emission-centered,single-focus approach to a holistic climate resilience framework centered on land-based and water-driven process.In light of the increasingly “monsoon-like” global climate pattern and the escalating disaster frequency,this Chinese model holds profound significance for global development.

关键词(KeyWords)： 气候韧性;生态文明;防洪;生态安全;水驱动气候韧性;基于自然的解决方案;海绵城市;中国模式
climate resilience;ecological civilization;flood control;ecological security;water-driven climate resilience;nature-based solution;sponge city;Chinese model

Abstract:

Keywords:

基金项目(Foundation): 国家自然科学基金项目(59778010);国家自然科学基金项目(51078004);国家自然科学基金(51678002);国家自然科学基金应急管理项目(71741042);; 国家环保局课题(国土生态安全格局规划);; 科技部攻关课题(2004BA516A18);; 环保公益性行业科研专项(201209027);; 国家水体污染控制与治理科技重大专项项目课题(2013ZX07304-001-6);; 中国科学院学部咨询评议项目(美丽中国与生态文明建设顶层设计问题研究);; 国家重点研发计划课题(2016YFC0401108)

作者(Author): 俞孔坚
YU Kongjian

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